植物提取物饲料添加剂对黄羽肉鸡生产性能的影响研究

饲用抗生素促生长剂所带来的残留以及抗药性问题,给养殖业带来巨大损失。许多营养师或配方师由于抗药性问题而不得不超倍使用和使用多种抗生素,但结果往往使抗药性问题更加严重。本试验旨在研究专利的植物提取物饲料添加剂在实际生产条件下对黄羽肉鸡生产性能和成活率的影响,以便为正确使用该专利的植物提取物饲料添加剂提供参考。本试验结果表明,在实际养殖条件下使用专利植物提取物饲料添加剂可以显著提高黄羽肉鸡日增重(17.6%),改善饲料报酬(14.8%),从而提高经济效益。同时,可以降低40%的死亡率。其作用机制可能是专利植物提取物饲料添加剂对致病性的大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、巴氏杆菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌等均能有效抑制或杀灭。研究认为,专利植物提取物饲料添加剂可以保障动物肠道健康和预防下痢,更重要的是对一些耐药菌株也有很好的杀灭作用。此外,专利植物提取物饲料添加剂对病原菌和肠道微生物的选择性抑制,也会给肠道微生物平衡带来可能。     

蜂蜜中果糖含量近红外光谱试验研究

以68份蜂蜜样品为材料,利用傅立叶变换近红外光谱技术（NIR）结合偏最小二乘法（PLS）,建立了蜂蜜中果糖含量的近红外光谱数学模型,并对模型预测结果进行评价。结果表明,选择11065．36cm^-1～7857．90cm^-1波数范围内的光谱,进行SG预处理方法,用8个主成分建立的蜂蜜果糖含量模型效果最好,模型相关系数、校正均方差和预测均方差分别为0．9259、1．21和1．64。该方法具有快速、准确、成本低等特点。     

禽病流行的几种原因浅析

一检疫力度不够 部分鸡场没有象样的化验室,不具备禽病诊断和抗体检测能力,往往造成诊断不及时甚至误诊,使本来应该早发现能控制的禽病流行起来;有时在检疫中发现了禽病却下不了狠心淘汰阳性鸡,甚至为了顾全声誉而捂着盖着,危害性很大。基层兽医检疫部门对家禽及其产品检疫力度不够,有的导致了禽病区域性传播。     

动物疫病区域化管理的新模式——生物安全隔离区划

2003年,OIE提出了动物疫病区域化政策的新理念——生物安全隔离区划(Compartmentalisation),即通过采取生物安全管理控制措施等手段,建设基于企业水平的无疫生物安全隔离区。从2004年起,OIE先后在《陆生动物卫生法典》和《OIE公告》中提出了定义、评价和确认生物安全隔离区的原则、要素和步骤建议,为世界各国开展生物安全隔离区建设评估工作提供了方向性指导。虽然生物安全隔离区划的概念提出时间较短,但作为一种全新的动物疫病区域化管理模式,生物安全隔离区划已经引起了世界范围的广泛关注,美国、泰国等畜牧业发达国家均在积极研究探索生物安全隔离区建设评估的模式。     

猪链球菌35个血清型标准抗血清的制备及应用

用猪链球菌35个血清型的标准菌株免疫新西兰白兔制备标准抗血清,经试管凝集测定抗血清的效价均在1:32以上,吸附处理后抗血清具有良好的特异性和敏感性。对12株猪链球菌的试验结果表明:抗血清只与相同血清型的菌株出现凝集,可以区分出PCR方法无法区分的1型和14型以及2型和1/2型,并在国内首次鉴定出猪链球菌13型。     

计算机和网络技术在动物防疫管理工作中的应用

21世纪计算机和网络技术进入农业,以人工智能和3S技术为依托的虚拟农业、精确农业已显端倪,多种信息网络系统、数据库系统计算机技术已经为畜牧业的高效发展做出     

PCR方法扩增种属特异性片段检测猪源成分

针对猪线粒体基因的保守序列,设计特异性引物,优化反应条件和反应参数,建立了食品和饲料中猪源性成分的PCR检测方法。该方法灵敏、特异,检测低限达0.01%。其推广使用,对于加强食品、饲料的质量控制和监督监管,具有参考价值。     

奶牛乳腺炎的中西兽医结合疗法

奶牛乳腺炎是奶牛的常见病和多发病,病程较长,且容易反复发作,不但可明显降低奶牛的产奶量和牛奶质量,增加养殖成本,而且因牛奶中含有大量病原菌、病毒及抗生素等残留药物,会给消费者的身体健康造成严重的安全隐患。笔者在长期实践中采用中西医结合疗法,治疗奶牛急性乳腺炎102例、慢性乳腺炎76例、隐性乳腺炎12例,均取得满意效果,现总结如下。1发病病因1.1外因引起奶牛乳腺炎的外界因素很多,主要有感染、中毒、物理性外伤和挤乳不当造成乳房损伤等。1.2内因奶牛围产期,乳房腺体、血管代谢进入旺盛阶段,腺泡间组织有各种细胞浸润,血流旺盛,易…     

Changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus and hippocampus proper of adult and aged dogs

Astrocytes perform neuron-supportive tasks, repair and scarring process in the central nervous system. In this study, we observed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker for astrocytes, immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus and hippocampus proper (CA1-3 region) of adult (2-3 years of age) and aged (10-12 years of age) dogs. In the adult group, GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes were distributed in all layers of the dentate gyrus and CA1-3 region, except in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1-3 region. In the aged group, GFAP immunoreactivity decreased markedly in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. However, GFAP immunoreactivity in the CA1-3 region increased in all layers, and the cytoplasm of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes was hypertrophied. GFAP protein levels in the aged dentate gyrus decreased; however, GFAP levels in the CA1-3 region increased. These results suggest that the morphology of astrocytes and GFAP protein levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and CA1 region are changed, respectively, with age.     

Physiological and immunological responses to weaning and transport in the young pig: modulation by administration of porcine somatotropin

To examine the effects of exogenous porcine (p) ST on measures of stress and immune function in weaned pigs with or without transport, pigs (20 +/- 1 d of age) received daily injections of pST (0.5 mg/kg; n = 16) or saline (n = 16) for 5 d. On d 5, a blood sample was collected immediately before injection. At 4 h postinjection, pigs were weighed, sampled for blood, injected with di-nitrophenyl-conjugated keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and weaned. One half of the pigs in each group were transported for 3 h before placement in the nursery. Pigs were weighed, and blood was collected on 1, 7, and 14 d postweaning. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Serum IGF-I concentrations were increased by pST and decreased by weaning, but not affected by transport. The free cortisol index was elevated in all pigs 1 d postweaning, although less in transported versus nontransported pigs. By 7 d postweaning, the free cortisol index returned to prewean values. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) G increased in all pigs by 14 d postweaning, but were not affected by pST or transport. Serum IgM concentrations were elevated at 7 and 14 d postweaning. Before weaning and again 1 d postweaning, pigs treated with pST had greater concentrations of IgM than did control animals. Circulating neutrophils increased in pST-treated pigs 4 h after the final pST injection. Improved immune function in weaned pigs by pST may lead to greater health and growth in a commercial setting.